Fluorescence in situ hybridization karyotyping reveals the presence of two distinct genomes in the taxon Aegilops tauschii

时间:2018-01-11 点击数:作者: 审稿人:小麦研究所

 

Laibin Zhao, Shunzong Ning, Yingjin Yi, Lianquan Zhang, Zhongwei Yuan, Jirui Wang, Youliang Zheng, Ming HaoEmail authorView ORCID ID profile and Dengcai BMC Genomics201819:3

Received: 6 June 2017

Accepted: 15 December 2017

Published: 2 January 2018

Abstract

Background

Aegilops tauschii is the donor of the bread wheat D genome. Based on spike morphology, the taxon has conventionally been subdivided into ssp. tauschii and ssp. strangulata. The present study was intended to address the poor match between this whole plant morphology-based subdivision and genetic relationships inferred from genotyping by fluorescence in situ hybridization karyotyping a set of 31 Ae. tauschii accessions.

Results

The distribution of sites hybridizing to the two probes oligo-pTa-535 and (CTT)10 split the Ae. tauschii accessions into two clades, designated Dt and Ds, which corresponded perfectly with a previously assembled phylogeny based on marker genotype. The Dtcluster was populated exclusively by ssp. tauschii accessions, while the Ds cluster harbored both ssp. strangulata and morphologically intermediate accessions. As a result, it is proposed that Ae. tauschii ssp. tauschii is restricted to carriers of the Dt karyotype: their spikelets are regularly spaced along the rachis, at least in the central portion of their spike. Accessions classified as Ae. tauschii ssp. strangulata carry the Ds karyotype; their spikelets are irregularly spaced. Based on this criterion, forms formerly classified as ssp. tauschii var. meyeri have been re-designated ssp. strangulata var. meyeri.

Conclusions

According to the reworking of the taxon, the bread wheat D genome was most probably donated by ssp. strangulata var. meyeri. Chromosomal differentiation reveals intra-species taxon of Ae. tauschii. Ae. tauschii ssp. tauschii has more distant relationship with breed wheat than ssp. strangulata and can be used for breeding improving effectively.

Keywords

Chromosome differentiationD genomeRepeat sequencesSpike morphologySubspeciesWheat evolution